Coloboma in the spotlight at the Olympic Games in Paris

Bringing Awareness to Coloboma at the 2024 Olympic Games

Coloboma is a congenital condition where a part of the eye structure is missing. This absence can affect various parts of the eye, including the iris, retina, choroid or optic nerve and may impact vision depending on the size and location of the gap.

Causes Coloboma occurs due to incomplete development of the eye during pregnancy. It can be an isolated condition or associated with other genetic syndromes such as CHARGE syndrome or cat eye syndrome.

Early intervention and ongoing eye care are critical in managing the effects of the condition.

Living with Coloboma While coloboma can present challenges, many individuals with the condition lead full, active lives. Stephen Nedoroscik, an American gymnast competing with strabismus and coloboma at the 2024 Olympic Games in Paris is testament to this. A pommel horse specialist, he is the 2024 Olympic bronze medalist and was in 2021, the world champion – the first and only American to win the event!

Stephen competing in the Pommel Horse event

Types of Coloboma

  • Iris Coloboma: The most common type, presenting as a keyhole-shaped pupil.
  • Retinal and Optic Nerve Coloboma: These types can significantly affect vision, sometimes leading to vision loss.
  • Eyelid Coloboma: A gap or missing piece in the eyelid, which can affect eye lubrication and protection.

Iris Coloboma is an eye abnormality that occurs before birth.

Symptoms Symptoms vary depending on the type and severity of the coloboma:

  • Distorted or misshapen pupils.
  • Reduced visual acuity.
  • Light sensitivity.
  • Problems with depth perception.

Chorioretinal Coloboma

Diagnosis Coloboma is typically diagnosed during a routine eye examination shortly after birth. In some cases, imaging tests like an MRI or ultrasound may be used to assess the extent of the condition.

Treatment There is no cure for coloboma, but treatment focuses on managing symptoms:

  • Visual Aids: Glasses or contact lenses can help correct refractive errors.
  • Surgery: In some cases, cosmetic surgery can be performed to address the appearance of an iris coloboma.
  • Monitoring: Regular eye exams are essential to monitor changes in vision and eye health.